The US and Canada are in for a real battle this autumn.
Think of it as a battle of the heavyweights. In the north corner of the ring, it’s the Arctic Oscillation. Its punishing blows can knock you out cold. In the west corner lurks the El Niño. Don’t let the name, which means “little boy”, fool you. He can come roaring out with a cold punch to the South and hot and heavy in the North.

The El Niño is weak but may pack a warm punch later. SOURCE: NASA Earth Observatory
Oh, and just to make the battle even more interesting – in the east corner is the hot Atlantic. This battler has been the past champion, dominating the ring, baking the US with scorching hot temperatures. The champion is not going to give up easily.
On Saturday, September 22, the opening bell rang and autumn starts. The battle to see which forces shape this fall’s weather will begin. In short, the hot dry summer is finally dragging to a close and a stormier fall is about to begin.
Let’s pretend that there is a ringside announcer. He is sizing up Round 1 – the opening week of autumn.
- The Champion, the hot Atlantic still controls the ring. The US is still warm and dry, but it looks like he is getting tired. Some cooler temperatures are entering the South.
- The cold Arctic Oscillation is entering the ring. Those winds that trap polar air north are weakening and some cooler air is surging into the Great Lakes and the Midwest. Already we are seeing snowflakes over the Great Lakes. The AO won’t do much this round, but he is shaping up to be a real contender. This winter will be colder than last winter.

Last year had a warm positive Arctic Oscillation, but this year a negative AO may bring in the cold. SOURCE: NOAA
- The El Niño has not officially begun. (Scientists wait a number of weeks for temperatures in the tropical Pacific to remain warmer than 0.9˚F before they officially declare an El Niño has begun.) We are seeing only a few small blows from the “little boy”. He’s bringing some rain to Texas and the Southern Plains. Expect him to start growing stronger and peaking in November and December.
Expect an epic battle and a very messy fall. The warm waters of the two oceans will clash with cold winds from the north. It’s hard to know which weather factor will triumph. However, if the US gets some rain and cooler temperatures, we will all be the winners.

Evelyn Browning Garriss, historical climatologist, blogger, writer for The Old Farmer's Almanac, and editor of The Browning Newsletter, has advised farmers, businesses, and investors worldwide on upcoming climate events and their economic and social impact for the past 21 years.



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Comments
By Debra edge
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I live in georgia and I love snow alot.do u think that we will get snow this year.
By Betty G.
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Im still debating whether I should get the heater on sale or not. It would be a good idea to winterize my house but its going to be in the 70s next week! and im thinking "well, it may stay like this through November-December" im not wasting my money on a record warm winter. When will the colder air start move in again in the mid atlantic? Im hoping soon! i dont want it to stay unusually warm..
By wanda s t 1959
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This better be a tougher winter. I did not almost slide down the backyard with piles of acorns 2 inches deep for no reason!! They said the worst of the cold is gone in KY. Now thats making me think we will be crazy above normal again. Please.. i want more coldd! Thats what made me happy. Im waiting on the November forecast from NOAA. Crossing my fingers
By Joyce G.
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last "winter" was quite weird in North Carolina. I could go outside on a January afternoon and go to the park and walk my 2 dogs (they're spoiled) 60 degrees and sunshine, my oh my! NC had more of a Florida winter but the lack of winter last year has really hurt many things- way too many fleas, ticks, and pests. I love some beautiful spring weather too but can the 60 degree weather hold off until March and April this time? My doggies say "ohh please no fleas" flea spray is far too expensive for me to buy in winter when they should be frozen off! Should the NAO still phase negative at times this winter atleast? Without winter, spring wouldnt be so beautiful. When its 70 degrees in February it ruins everything
Brenda- Im with you. If i see tulips in Feb im gonna be at the doctors office as well
By Brenda Lynn
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We had that October snowstorm on Halloween then following that November came in and it was unusually warm. We had our 2nd warmest November. December brought no change then everybody still said "no dont worry, this winter is still young. It will turn colder" sure enough, no it didnt. Winter NEVER came and I had tulips blooming in February & my dogwoods were peaking in March. I remember that March weekend like it was yesterday. 86 degrees and people were soaking up some sun by the pool and i was just lost. Never in my life ive seen swimmers in mid-March. In the Mid Atlantic beaches it was as if it was May & I saw a headline that said "Welcome to May, in March" What caused this nonsense? and will I see tulips in February again? Is so, im going to take myself to the doctor to see if its just me haha!
By Evelyn Browning...
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I think you will save on that doctor bill.
By DONNAe
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Hi Evelyn,I think you covered the whole US except the S.W.part of Tennessee about two hours east of Memphis. Can you forcast any snow? It hardley ever snows here. We just get ice. I WANT SNOW. Thank you, DE
By Evelyn Browning...
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Your area is a great unknown, very vulnerable to small changes of the Arctic Oscillation. You may have to visit a ski resort to get that snow.
By lilpots
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Ive been hearing that guidance continues to show a return to more cold and snowy conditions this year in the northeast. Is this true? so we'll have a real winter this year?
By Evelyn Browning...
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The Arctic Oscillation was more positive for a longer time last winter than it has been in a century. It will be more normal, more real this winter.
By naynay
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Im cold. Im inside on my laptop with the heater on in the living room. Here its 40 degrees outside going down into the 20s tonight in Ohio. brrrr!! im concerned about winter.. is this a taste of whats to come this winter? and will we have more of these bitter cold days through the rest of the fall?
By Evelyn Browning...
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Sorry, yes. It should warm up if El Nino arrives.
By vickie morre
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whats up with el nino Evelyn? Its been terribly bone dry for a looong time here in northeastern Texas. El Nino is whats given us hope and to hear that we may not even have an el nino is very depressing!! We need that colder and wetter winter here. Can you explain to me whats going on here? The Lonestar State cant afford another La Nina. Please tell me were still on track to have atleast a weak-moderate el nino by winter? This country was in bad enough shape this year
By Evelyn Browning...
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It is almost certain that there won't be another cool Pacific La Nina, thank goodness. However, a lot of scientists that were saying there would be an El Nino have been baffled. Last month they were saying there was an 80% of the El Nino would arrive in late August/early fall, now they think it may be a 50% chance that it will arrive. Texas needs that El Nino for good rain.
By deanna.12-9
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Bring it on!!!! After the hot summer i think we all dream of winter this year. Its amazing how close were actually getting to wintertime. In Pennsylvania we also get pretty darn cold in the winter but a winter wonderland is what i dream of right now. Im just waiting on our first frost. Will the fall remain colder than normal?
By Evelyn Browning...
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It may not be colder than normal but it definitely be colder and stormier than last year.
By Lauren G.
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I hate winter. ewww!! in virginia i have mornings where temps are well below 10 degrees and i have to take 15 minutes to scrape my car off from ice then keep it running for 10 minutes in the frigid cold. Then i constantly have to watch for ice on the roads! My kids just looovee the snow but winter can shut down roads and cities. I remember the blizzard of February 2010. Snow was 26 inches deep and we were digging out paths to get outside and power was out for a week. I have pictures of snow up to our upper legs and in March of 1993 i will never forget. My biggest snow ive seen in my life. Even last winter was no break! We still had a foot of snow last February. I guess the truth is, there is no escaping winter. I need a winter vacation Evelyn haha!!
By Evelyn Browning...
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Both Florida and the Caribbean agree that you need that vacation on their warm, sunny shores!
By Iona M
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cant wait for cooler weather and i hate winter.North Carolina weather has been screwy for the last couple of years, any changes for the coming winter??
By Evelyn Browning...
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It's North Carolina -- so even though you can expect colder and wetter winter weather than last year -- it will stay screwy! :)
By Pam lane
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What about Colorado? We have been above normal temps. Will we have a bad winter or mild winter?
By Evelyn Browning...
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Usually El Ninos bring normal to cool winters.
By luvrain
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I am on the central coast of California and am wondering if we are looking forward to lots of rain on the west coast and specifically like i mentioned the central coast of california? :-) <3 Gary
By Evelyn Browning...
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Normally (unfortunately not always) El Ninos bring welcome rain to California, especially along the coast.
By Julie T.
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What if el nino never shows up? it is so weak out in the pacific right now it cant even qualify for an el nino. What if we dont even have an el nino this winter? im depressed :( i want a colder and snowier winter in north carolina
By Evelyn Browning...
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The odds are in your favor. Most of the scientists I talk to still expect El Nino conditions this winter.
By Kara R12
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Hi Evelyn! I checked the latest 8-14 day outlook which goes through mid October. I see that we're in the dark blue/purple. Are these clues that the negative NAO is setting up and we will bracing for a colder winter? I have a feeling.. Old man winter ISNT letting us off the hook this year. I live in eastern Ohio toward WV line. Should I take out my coats now?
By Evelyn Browning...
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One of the clues is the warmer water in the North Atlantic. Another clue, if you want to cheat, is that NOAA posts a two-week warning at:
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/pna/nao_index_mrf.shtml
It isn't always accurate, but it is the best that the short-term weather service can provide.
By Randi K
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Are weak el ninos good for making decent episodes of snowstorms and arctic air in the northeast? And i heard we will probably have blocking this winter.. Is this true? so the cold season wont have a problem getting here this year!
By Evelyn Browning...
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Frequently weak El Ninos create warm air in the Northwest but their impact does not reach the Northeast, or only affects the region for a short time. So if you are in the Northeast and like your snow, you probably will get it.
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