Caption
Jade can make a great houseplant, especially in a classic ceramic or terracotta pot.
Image Credit:
Olga Miltsova/Shutterstock
Botanical Name
Crassula argentea, Crassula ovata
Sun Exposure
Soil pH
Bloom Time
Flower Color
Plant Type
Planting
How to Plant Jade Plants
- Choose a wide and sturdy pot with a moderate depth, as jade plants tend to grow top-heavy and fall over.
- Use soil that will drain thoroughly, as excessive moisture may promote fungal diseases like root rot. An all-purpose potting mix will work, though you will want to mix in additional perlite to improve drainage. A 2:1 ratio of potting mix to perlite is great. Alternatively, use a premade succulent or cacti potting mix.
- After planting a jade plant, don’t water it right away. Waiting anywhere from several days to a week before watering lets the roots settle and recover from any damage.
Photo by trambler58/Shutterstock.
How to Start a Jade Plant From a Leaf or a Stem Cutting
As a succulent, jade plants are very easy to start from single leaves or cuttings. A stem cutting is a great method when a branch of your jade plant happens to fall off. Just put that cutting in the soil, and you have a new baby plant or a gift plant! If you have time, however, you can propagate from a single leaf!
Propagate before the weather gets cool. And make sure you start with a well-established plant.
- For a stem cutting, ensure you’re using clean clippers or scissors to take your cutting, which must be 3 to 4 inches long. If you’re using a leaf, it must be the complete leaf, which includes the small pointy bit that breaks off from the stem.
- Once you have your leaf or cutting, allow it to sit for several days in a warm place; a callus will form over the cut area, helping to prevent rot and encourage rooting.
- Gather your pot and a well-draining potting mix. Use soil that is slightly moist but not wet.
- Lay the leaf on top of the soil horizontally, covering the cut end with some of the soil. If you have a stem cutting, place it upright in the soil (prop it up with a few small rocks or toothpicks if it won’t stand on its own).
- Place the pot in a warm place with bright, indirect light. Do not water.
- After a week or two, the leaf or cutting will start sending out roots. Give the plant a gentle poke or tug a week or so after that to see if it has rooted itself in place. If it hasn’t, wait a bit longer, testing it (gently!) every few days.
- Once the plant seems to be firmly rooted, water it deeply and carefully. Use something like a turkey baster to gently water the plant without disturbing the roots too much. Make sure that you don’t just get the surface layer of the soil wet, as you want to encourage the roots to grow downward for water, not toward the surface.
- Let the soil dry out between waterings and keep the plant out of intense direct sunlight until it is well established.
Growing
How to Care for Jade Plants
Lighting
- Jade plants should receive at least 6 hours of bright light each day. Young plants should be kept in bright, indirect sunlight; large, well-established jade plants can handle more direct sunlight.
- Kitchens and offices with south-facing windows are typically great spots with just enough light, as are western-facing windows.
- Jade plants that are kept in low light can become leggy and top-heavy, making them susceptible to damage if they fall over or become unable to support their own branches!
Temperature
- Jade plants grow best at room temperature (65° to 75°F / 18° to 24°C), but prefer slightly cooler temperatures at night and in the winter (down to 55°F / 13°C).
- Note: Jade plants are not frost tolerant, so if you keep yours outdoors during the summer, be sure to bring it inside once temperatures fall to around 50°F (10°C) in autumn.
- During winter, move jade plants away from cold windows and keep them out of drafty areas. If exposed to cold temps, jade plants may drop their leaves.
Watering
- Watering jade plants correctly is very important! Improper watering is the number one issue that most people experience with their jade plants.
- When the plant is actively growing in the spring and summer, it will require more water than at other times of the year. Water jade plants deeply (meaning that the soil gets sufficiently moistened throughout—not just at the surface), then wait until the soil has mostly dried out before you water it again. This means that you could end up watering it once a week or once a month—it depends entirely on how quickly the soil dries out in the environment where you keep your plant.
- The plant may go dormant in the fall and winter, causing it to slow or pause growth entirely. During this time, it won’t need much water. Water it less often than in the spring and summer, allowing the soil to dry out fully between waterings. Large, well-established jades may not need more than one or two waterings throughout their entire dormancy period.
- Try to avoid splashing water on the leaves while watering, as this can expose them to rot in a humid environment.
- Jade plants can be sensitive to salts in tap water, so water with filtered or distilled water if your tap water is not ideal.
- If the plant starts to drop its leaves, if the leaves look shriveled, or if brown spots appear on the leaves, it indicates that the plant needs MORE water.
- If leaves become squishy and waterlogged, the plant is getting TOO MUCH water.
Read more about how to water plants for healthy growth.
Fertilizing
- Jade plants don’t require high levels of nutrients and should be fed sparingly. Use a diluted mix of a standard liquid houseplant fertilizer or a fertilizer made for cacti and succulents.
If you prefer using your own fertilizer, you can use our homemade Organic Plant Fertilizer.
Repotting Jade Plants
- Jade plants don’t mind being root-bound in a small pot. In fact, keeping them root-bound will keep the jade smaller and more manageable.
- Repot young jade plants once every 2 to 3 years to encourage growth. With older jade, repot once every 4 to 5 years or as necessary.
- Transplant in the early spring, just before the growing season begins.
- After repotting, don’t water the plant for a week or so. Wait at least a month before fertilizing so as not to burn fresh roots accidentally.
Photo by Mauricio Acosta Rojas/Shutterstock.
Types
There are many types of jade plants available—from the standard, green-leafed jade to a number of variegated varieties. Here are a few exciting jades to keep an eye out for:
- ‘ET’s Fingers’ has tubular leaves with red tips. An oddity!
- ‘Hummel’s Sunset’ has beautiful yellow- and red-tipped leaves.
- ‘Tricolor’ has leaves variegated with white and cream.
More Like This
I had a period of time where I under-watered my jade plant and brown spots/wilting occured on some leaves. I have moved the plant to a sunnier spot and provided it with more water. The plant has responded well and has perked up and grown. However - the brown spots are still there on the leaves that were previously affected. Does this go away? Or should I pinch off those leaves? Or is it fine to leave as is?
A friend gave me a 18' established, fairly healthy looking Jade. How often to they need to be repotted or fed? Is rooting hormone helpful for cuttings? It was pretty leggy and some branches were broken in transport.
Jade plants like to have their roots a little crowded--but not overcrowded. If the roots reach the edge of the pot, so that there isn't any space for them to grow, it's time to repot--this may not happen for 2 or more years. When repotting, choose a pot that's just a little larger than the present one. Clay pots, with drainage holes, work well.
As for feeding, a bit of balanced liquid fertilizer during the growing season would be helpful, such as 10-10-10. Fertilize once every 3 or 4 months during the growing season (spring through fall). For outdoor plants, you can increase the frequency to every 2 to 3 weeks, but dilute the fertilizer to 1 part water, 1 part fertilizer, or an even weaker solution. A liquid fertilizer for succulents is ideal (African violet fertilizer also works). Do not fertilize during the dormant season (about November through March).
When propagating cuttings, rooting hormone usually is not necessary for success with jade plants, but it might help to speed things along.
I have two jade plants who love to be outside in the sunlight in the summer. I live in SW Ohio. When they are outside they like plenty of water. Once I bring them in for the winter, every two weeks is sufficient. One of my jade plants is very bushy and large. The other one came about when I had to do some pruning, and just stuck the stems in the soil mixed with vermiculite. This can't be done in the winter here, the cuttings do well if kept in the sun in summer.
A friend of mine mailed me a piece of her jade plant that she rooted. She mailed it in a plastic bag with soil. It arrived, looking very healthy and I planted it in soil for cactus. The plant doesn't seem happy, but I may not be patient enough. the leaves seem to be closing in towards the stem, do I have anything to worry about?
Two thoughts. Jade plants don't like to be overwatered. Once you water it in, you don't want to water for several days. Also, jade plants like a soil mixed with 1/3 sand so it doesn't hold water for too long.
all of these comments are good and well taken however when the weather is very warm take your jade plant out put it under a shady tree rinse it off and soak the soil after you do this let it dry out a little bit and use something like a shish kabob stick something like a coat hanger will do and poke it in the soil to a rated let it sit out overnight jade plants love that cooler weather just like stated
My jade would be about a foot high if the branches were growing striaght up. Do these need to be staked before they get the tougher bark on them or just let them go as they are?
If your jade plant is growing tall instead of out, then you could prune some branches back to a lateral bud or branch or just above a leaf node. Never cut into the main trunk. Do NOT leave a stump. This will help your jade get more bushy.
Do jade plants grow well in zones 5-6?
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