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Ponytail Palm Care Guide: How to Grow This Easy, Long-Lived Houseplant

Poneytail palm indoors by a window. The Beaucarnea Recurvata, also known as Ponytail Palm, or Nolina is a houseplant with a swollen thick brown stem and the long narrow curly, green leaves flow up from this base.
Image Credit:
Renata.Ka/Shutterstock
Botanical Name
Beaucarnea recurvata
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Partial Sun
Soil pH
Neutral
Flower Color
White
Yellow
Plant Type
Houseplants
Written By: Catherine Boeckmann Executive Digital Editor and Master Gardener

Ponytail palms, or elephant foot palms, are unique-looking, long-lived indoor plants that thrive on benign neglect. They are straightforward to grow—provided that you don’t overwater them! Here’s how to grow and care for a ponytail palm in your home.

About Ponytail Palms

Despite its name and palm-like appearance, the ponytail palm is not a true palm. In fact, it is more closely related to desert plants in the Agave and Yucca genera (such as Joshua trees).

The typical ponytail palm consists of a large, domed stump, which tapers off into a thinner stem. As the plant ages, one or more rosettes of long, green, leathery leaves develop from the top of the stem. Indoors, the leaves can reach up to 3 feet long, but outdoors, they may be double that length.

In its native environment of eastern Mexico, the plant can reach up to 30 feet in height. However, ponytail palms grown in gardens as landscape plants typically don’t reach more than 10 feet tall. 

Kept indoors, they are rarely taller than 4 feet. However, as Susan Mahr of the University of Wisconsin-Madison explains, “In containers, ponytail palms will grow slower than if in the ground, and the plants will remain small if kept in a small pot. They can go for many years before needing to be repotted. Moving your ponytail palm to a larger pot will give it room to grow in both height and girth. They can be very long-lived and can easily outlive their owners. However, older plants may be difficult to manage because of sheer size and weight if not kept on the smaller size.”

Care of this plant is simple; the most common difficulty is adapting your watering habits to its needs.

Planting

Choosing a Growing Medium and a Pot

  • Use a fast-draining potting mix, such as one for cactuses and succulents. If you already have potting mix, sand, and perlite on hand, you can create your own desert mixture using equal amounts of each
  • Select a pot with a hole in the bottom so that excess water can be drained off. Ponytail palms do not like to sit in moisture for long.
  • Use a clay pot if possible; the porous material will absorb some of the water, drying out the growing medium more quickly (a good thing for cactuses and succulents).

Growing

How to Care for Ponytail Palms

  • Ponytail palms prefer bright indirect light.
  • Keep growing medium fairly dry. Water from spring through fall, allowing the top inch or two to dry out completely before rewatering. During the winter, water only occasionally.
  • To water, soak the potting mix and allow the excess water to drain through the bottom of the pot into a dish. Let the pot sit in the dish for several minutes, then dump out any remaining water in the dish.
  • Fertilize in the spring with a cactus/succulent fertilizer and bring into a brighter room for the summer months.
  • Average room temperature is acceptable for most of the year, but to replicate the natural dormancy cycle, keep the plant slightly cooler in the winter (50°–55°F / 10°–13°C).
  • Don’t let the plant sit too close to cold windows at night during winter, as freezing temperatures can severely damage it.

Repotting a Ponytail Palm

  • Ponytail palms will remain small if kept in a small pot. They can go for many years before needing to be repotted. Repotting every other year at the most is all a ponytail palm needs.
  • Moving the plant to a larger pot will allow it to grow in height and girth. However, older plants may become challenging to manage due to their sheer size and weight if they are not kept at a smaller size.
  • When selecting a new pot, pick one large enough to leave about an inch or so of space between the ponytail palm’s trunk and the pot’s rim.
  • Note: Use caution when handling a ponytail palm, as its leaves have tiny serrated edges.

Harvesting

Propagation

  • Rarely, a ponytail palm may produce an offset—a tiny baby plant that stems from the base of the adult plant. These can be cut off at the base when they reach at least 4 inches in height and planted in a succulent potting mix. Before planting, allow the cut wound to heal, then apply some rooting hormone (available online and in nurseries) to encourage the offset to root. 

Pests and Problems

  • Overwatering can result in stem rot. If you withhold watering, the plant may be able to internally remedy the problem. Signs of stem rot include yellowing leaves and a caudex (the plant’s base and stem) that is soft or squishy.
  • Spider mites and scale insects may find their way to the leaves, but can be dealt with by rubbing a cloth of dish soap and water on the stems. Spider mites are evidenced by the presence of spider-like webbing on the plant.
  • Brown tips on leaves can be a sign of overfertilizing or underwatering, so adjust your practices appropriately. They can also indicate that the plant is getting too much direct light and not enough water.

Wit and Wisdom

  • The plant’s unusual shape and coloration have granted it another strange nickname—elephant’s foot palm.
  • Are ponytail palms poisonous to cats? While the leaves of a ponytail palm are not toxic to feline (or canine) companions, their foliage does have abrasive edges that could irritate a pet’s mouth, so we suggest keeping the plant out of reach. 

Houseplant Guides

About The Author

Catherine Boeckmann

Catherine Boeckmann

Executive Digital Editor and Master Gardener

Catherine Boeckmann loves nature, stargazing, and gardening so it’s not surprising that she and The Old Farmer’s Almanac found each other. She leads digital content for the Almanac website, and is also a certified master gardener in the state of Indiana.

Read more from Catherine Boeckmann

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Comments

<span>Barbara Covington</span> Tue, 05/19/2020 - 08:29
I have a 5 ft tall and 25vyears old. It has limbs coming off the trumk. No has been able to tell me how to take them off .n
<span>Venita</span> Sat, 05/02/2020 - 10:34
My ponytail palm has limbs growing from the side of the trunk. They are about 4" long and they each have their own ponytail. Can I remove them and root them for more palms? If so, how do I do this?
<span>Patricia Bell</span> Sun, 04/19/2020 - 15:39
Will the ponytail plant regrow leaves if they fall off. Mine was doing really well and then they started to get soft where growth is and they came off like maybe they had too much watering. I didn't want to throw it away if i could save it. Help!!!
<span>Wanda Richard</span> Mon, 03/30/2020 - 15:26
My tropicals are getting infested with mealy bugs including my beautiful 10' pony palm. It got so bad that in the fall, I had to cut off the trunk beneath the palm growth... thinking it dead, I just left it in the house all winter and just a couple of days ago, I can see sprouts coming from just below the cut line of the trunk! I am so very happy, but the mealy bugs are back. I've tried everything, the store bought spray, rubbing alcohol dabbing, and washing the plant down with a solution of water, vinegar and dish detergent. Nothing seems to stop these awful invaders. How can I get rid of them???
<span>P Hughes</span> Mon, 03/23/2020 - 07:53
I've had my indoor PT plant for many years, it's 5-6ft high. We've recently moved, and suddenly the leaves went flat. Then to our amazement it flowered, which was very exciting (we live in the UK, so it's not very warm). New leaves are coming out of the base of the flower still , but the flower itself has now dried up. Should I wait for it to drop off, or dead-head it? I can't quite work out how to allow the new leaves to come out if it is still there. Thank you!
<a title="View user profile." href="/author/editors">The Editors</a> Mon, 03/23/2020 - 16:45

Wow! How lucky! 

Once the flower has withered and dried up, you may prune it off. The entirety of the flower stem may not be removable at the moment, but it should eventually dry up enough and fall off on its own.

 <span>Charlyn</span> Thu, 03/12/2020 - 15:06
I have had my palm for approximately 30 years and it has started sprouting new growth from the root ball is that ok or should I cut them off.
<span>Vito</span> Wed, 01/29/2020 - 13:58
My ponytail has 6 stems, one of which seems to have died. The center is bald with green leaves all around it, like a flower. Will this stem come back? If not should I cut it and where should I cut it. At the bottom, or top, someplace in between!
<span>Trish Melchiori</span> Mon, 10/21/2019 - 12:15
My Ponytail Palm was growing really well this summer when all of a sudden, its leaves started splitting or creating a slit and tearing off. I do not know what this is from. What am I doing wrong?
<span>Kim Golden</span> Sun, 09/29/2019 - 18:31
I have green sprouts growing out of the dome, what does that mean?