Planting
When to Plant Cosmos
- Direct-sow seeds outdoors once the danger of frost has passed.
- Alternatively, sow seeds indoors 4 to 6 weeks before your last spring frost date in trays or pots with a good seed-starting mixture. Move them into 5-inch pots as soon as they’re 3 or 4 inches tall.
- Young plants (transplants) can be planted outdoors once the danger of frost has passed.
Where to Plant Cosmos
The soil should be well-draining, but other than that, cosmos don’t need any special soil preparation. In fact, they like soil that is not too rich, as rich soil will encourage foliage at the expense of blooms. Cosmos are also tolerant of most soil pH levels but grow best in neutral to alkaline soils (pH of 7.0-7.5).
Cosmos can tolerate warm, dry weather very well. They are even drought-tolerant.
How to Plant Cosmos
- Just sow seeds lightly—no more than 1/4-inch deep.
- Thin to 12–18 inches apart when seedlings are a few inches tall. Depending on the variety, cosmos can grow anywhere from 18 to 60 inches tall, so plan accordingly.
- If you are growing cosmos from seeds, be mindful that it takes about 7 weeks to first bloom. After that, your flowers should continue to bloom until the first fall frost.
- If you let the spiky-brown seed heads blow away during the fall, cosmos are likely to self-sow throughout your garden.
Growing
Watering
Water regularly until plants are established or if it is unusually dry. According to the North Carolina Extension, “Be cautious not to overwater your plants. That and over-fertilizing can lead to the plant producing fewer flowers.”
Cosmos can tolerate dry soil, even in a hot, arid, sunbaked spot.
Deadheading
To prolong flowering, you should deadhead the plants (prune off dead/faded flowers). This speeds up flower development and aids branching.
Supporting Cosmos
Because some of these plants can grow really tall, staking may be necessary. Offer them protection from strong winds, encourage balanced branching by pinching out (aka pruning) central shoots or stem tips, or stake them. Growing them against a fence can also provide the necessary support.
Seasonal Care
Cosmos beds may become weedy due to the fact that they self-seed, so remember to remove flowers before they go to seed or to thin seedlings in the spring.
Harvesting
Harvesting Seeds and Cut Flowers
- To harvest more seeds, remember to leave a few flowers on the plant because they will self-seed.
- You can cut the flowers off anytime after blooming, but it’s best to pick some right when the petals have opened.
- If you cut the blossoms when they first open, they’ll last more than a week in water. Strip off the lower leaves and put them in a vase.
Types
- ‘Picotee’ has pretty white flowers with a crimson border around the edge of the flower (some are also flecked in crimson).
- ‘Sea Shells’ have white, pink, or red tube-shaped petals.
- ‘Purity’ is a beautiful, classic, white flower that looks spectacular growing against the dark-maroon ‘Niger’ hollyhock or purple basil.
- ‘Cosmos Sonata Series’ looks especially good with Bells of Ireland.
- ‘Chocolate’ cosmos adds distinction to a white campanula, dianthus, or ‘Moonshine’ achillea.
- Tall cosmos are best for the back of the garden and filling in mixed borders among perennials such as foxgloves, phlox, delphiniums, and daisies, as well as annuals such as poppies, cleome, and asters.
- Dwarf cosmos, such as the Ladybird series, are great companions for zinnias, Johnny jump-ups, pansies, alchemilla, or dark-blue morning glory.
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Comments
Our first thought is that they are not companionable—that they have different needs—and on further research it appears to be the case. According to one source, moss roses bloom once and do best in afternoon shade and in a bed that is well mulched, ensuring that the rose is not water stressed. Cosmos likes full sun but tolerates some shade and does not do well in rich soil.
It is a bit late in the season to start flowers from seed. If you grow them outdoors you need to be aware of your first possible frost date this fall (beginning of Nov. in your area). The double click cranberries take 10-21 days to germinate. If you save the seeds for next year you'll be able to enjoy these beautiful cosmos all summer long.
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If the entire plant, flower, or leave is turning brown, then it's possible that your plant has a fungus called gray mold. You could bring a sample to a local nursery or your cooperative extension for a diagnosis. If gray mold is present, you need to remove infected plant parts and dispose of them. This fungus happens when plants don't dry out well--either due to wet weather or overhead watering or crowded conditions. Water at soil level and avoid getting water on leaves and petals. Allow more space between plants.