Image Credit:
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Botanical Name
Gladiolus spp.
Grown as
Toxicity
Sun Exposure
Water Needs
Height
Spread
Soil pH
Bloom Time
Resilience
Plant Type
Planting
For the best blooms, plant glads in full sun (6 to 8 hours of sunlight per day) in well-draining soil that’s moderately fertile. They will not do well in heavy, soggy soil. Mix compost (humus) into your soil to improve consistency and fertility.
When to Plant Gladiolus
- Start planting gladiolus corms in the spring once the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed to at least 55°F (about 13°C). See your local frost dates here.
- From your last frost date to early summer, plant another round of corms every 10 days or so. This will result in continuous blooms through early fall!
- Depending on the variety, it takes between 60 and 90 days from the time glads are planted for the corms to root, grow, and bloom.
How to Plant Gladiolus
- Ready your garden by using a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to about 12 to 15 inches deep. After loosening the soil, mix in a 2- to 4-inch layer of compost or aged manure.
- To ensure large-sized blooms, plant corms that are 1-1/4 inch or larger in diameter.
- Set the corm in the hole about 4 inches deep with the pointed end facing up. Cover with soil and press firmly.
- Space the corms 6 to 8 inches apart.
- If you grow gladioli primarily for cut flowers, plant them in rows. It’s easier to tend the plants and to harvest the flowers this way.
- If you plant glads with other flowers in borders or annual beds, plant the corms in groups of seven or more for the best effect.
- Water the corms thoroughly at planting.
- If you’re planting tall varieties, be sure to stake them at planting time. Be careful not to damage the corms with the stakes.
Growing
How to Grow Gladiolus
- Put a 2- to 4-inch layer of mulch around your gladioli to keep your soil moist and help prevent weeds.
- If you get less than 1 inch of rain a week, water your plants regularly throughout the summer. Otherwise, water them moderately when they are growing to keep the soil moist.
- Remove the faded/dead flowers to ensure continuous blooms. Once all the flowers on a stalk are gone, cut the stalk off at about 2 to 3 inches above the soil.
- Be sure to leave the plant intact so it can mature and grow the corms for the next season.
Winter Protection for Gladiolus
- If you live in USDA Hardiness Zone 8 or warmer, put down a layer of hay or straw for winter protection. Gladiolus can remain in the ground through winter, provided a hard freeze (28°F or colder) isn’t common in your area.
- In colder regions (Zone 7 or colder), dig up gladioli corms once the foliage has faded after the first fall frost. A light frost will kill the foliage but not the rest of the plant. Be sure to dig up the gladiolus corms before a hard freeze (28°F), or the plants could be fatally damaged.
- All that said, many gardeners who live in the “border” Zones 6 and 7 have tried leaving glads in the ground and found that they survived; this is a judgment call based on your microclimate, your variety of gladiolus, and climate shifts.
Digging Up and Storing Gladioli Corms
To dig up the gladioli corms for winter storage, follow these tips:
- Use a spade and dig up the entire plant, grasping the top to pull it out of the soil. Avoid bruising or injuring corms while digging. Shake off all loose soil (do not wash them off) and discard damaged corms. Cut the stalk down to 1 to 2 inches above the corm. Save the small cormels separately if you so desire. These will bloom in 2 to 3 years if you replant them each spring.
- Allow the corms to dry in the sun for 1 or 2 days if the weather agrees. Sift out excess soil and place corms in wooden flats or trays. Cure in a warm and airy location for 2 to 3 weeks. Remove and throw away the oldest bottom corms (from the base of the new ones).
- Don’t remove the husks on the corms.
- Dust the corms with a fungicide (“bulb dust”) to avoid disease problems. Place dust and bulbs in a paper bag and shake vigorously.
- Store the corms in paper or cloth bags, pantyhose, or old onion sacks. Stack or hang the containers, so air can move among them. Store the corms at 35° to 45°F (2° to 7°C) in low humidity. A cool basement is quite suitable. Do not allow corms to freeze.
- Replant these corms in the spring for another year of beautiful blooms.
Harvesting
To cut glads for bouquets, follow these tips:
- Cut the flower stalks early in the morning or at night, not during the heat of the day.
- Use a sharp knife and bring a bucket of lukewarm water to the flower bed; cut diagonally through the stalks and place in the bucket.
- Cut stalks with only one or two open flowers. The rest of the buds will open after you put them in a vase. Leave at least four leaves on the plant in the ground if you want to reuse the corms.
- Place the bucket with the flowers in a cool dark place for a few hours before arranging them in a vase.
- Remove lower fading flowers and cut about 1 inch off the bottom of each flower stalk every few days.
Types
Gladioli come in a variety of sizes and colors, with the most popular being part of the following hybrid groups:
- Grandiflora Hybrids: These are the classic gladioli that produce a plentiful amount of large (5- to 6-inch) blooms in a range of colors. The plants produce flower stalks that reach up to 4 feet in height and can be winter hardy to Zone 7.
- Dwarf Grandiflora Hybrids: These miniature glads are an excellent choice for containers and cutting gardens, as their flowers are about half the size of Grandifloras, and their shorter stalks don’t typically require staking. They are also winter hardy to Zone 7. Glamini gladioli are included in this group; they are pest-resistant and will bloom in full sun or partial shade.
- Nanus Hybrids: Hardy to Zone 5, these smaller gladioli look a lot like Grandifloras, but do not produce as many flowers. They tend to grow no larger than about 2 feet in height, which makes them perfect for containers or small spaces.
Some specific gladiolus varieties of note include:
- ‘Black Star’ has deep purple-red blooms.
- ‘Candyman’ is known for its beautiful, deep pink flowers.
- ‘Costa’ sports ruffled flowers in blue-purple.
- ‘Dream’s End’ makes a good background plant because its flower spike is up to 3 feet tall (and it has pretty light orange flowers with large yellow centers).
- ‘Fun Time’ has yellow flowers edged with red.
- ‘Green Time’ is grown for its unusual lime-green flowers.
- ‘Prins Claus’ has white flowers with splashes of pink on its petals.
- ‘Priscilla’ produces off-white flowers with a yellow center and a pink edge.
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Comments
Hi I live in Ocala FL can I grow them in FL
Also I have a summer home in NH and would like to, plant
them here. We come up the first of June and leave the end of Sept. can I plant them the first of June and get blooms. Also if I cover them with hay in the fall before we leave will they come up again next spring.
If so if I plant some now will they be ok for the winter, here in NH
Thank you so much for your info
Jackie
Iam from India I jst saw the glads I loved it and ordered seeds online can u please help me out how n when abt this plants and iam vry new in this planting please help me
Hi, i live in NE GA, where periennels like daffodils, hythanths, gladiolus bulbs will sprout as early as Feb sometimes. therefore, I need to plant the bulbs in the fall -- early or late? Thanks for your help!
Hi Julie, Plant spring-flowering bulbs in the fall. In Georgia, spring-flowering bulbs can be planted from October through late December in most areas. Hope this helps!
Our gladious are beautiful, issue is they are ovrr 4feet tall, when they bloom I hzve staked but the blooms bend completely over so I have lots of gladious in vases. The other issue I have if the bloomis really tall the top 2 inches bend over
Any input would be appreciated.
The size of the corm is directly related to the size of the flower and height of the plant; you must have planted the large type! It's not at all uncommon for glads to bend under their own weight, especially when they are in the ground; stakes are recommended. This is also one reason that glads are often cut to be used in vases; they display better there. The bend, or droop, that you describe at the top/s is likely due to disease in the plant but could be the result of wind damage. If it's disease, this could be botrytis blight, which can be the result ofo watering from above and creating standing water/slow drainage or cool, damp weather. This is best avoided if healthy corms are planted in rich, well-draining soil in sunlight. See above for other considerations.
I bought one of those bags of mixed gladiolus corms. They're doing really well in the shallow water bath I have them started in. The thing is, I don't know which bulb is which colour. I noticed some of the corms were more yellowy and others more red or violet. Is that any indication of the colour of the flower? I want to plant them so that all the colors are mixed. Any bright ideas?
I live in southeastern Pennsylvania. I dug up my Glad corms last fall and stored them in my basement. I could not find them for the longest time. I just found them today (June 28). Is it too late for me to plant them? If so, will they keep in the basement until Spring 2018?
Go ahead and plant them and then leave them in the ground .... If they don't bloom for you this fall, they will come back next year. I live in zone 5b/6 and I've never dug up my gladioli corms and they come back every year. My step father told me his late wife had some and never dug them up so I figured I'd give it a try (even though everything I've ever read said that they will not survive in the ground in my zone).
Anyway, might want to give it a try with just a couple of you're nervous but I've had mine for years with great success. :)
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Hi Davis,
Since gladiolus grow from corms, they produce new offsets throughout the growing season. The strongest hybrids will eventually crowd out the original varieties that you planted. The way to avoid this problem is to dig up the corms once every year or two in the fall and separate the new growth offsets. Plant the offset corms elsewhere and see what color blooms they produce the following year; if the blooms are colors that you like, replant the offset corms in your main gladiolus patch. We hope this helps!