The peony is outrageously beautiful in bloom from spring to summer—with lush foliage all summer long. Here’s how to grow peonies and get the best peony flowers in your garden.
Peonies are perennials that come back every year to take your breath away. The plants may live longer than you do—some have been known to thrive for 100 years.
Many nurseries offer early, midseason, and late blooming varieties, making it possible for you to stretch out the peony season over many weeks. There are 6 flower types to choose from: anemone, single, Japanese, semi-double, double, and bomb. Fragrances vary as well—some plants such as ‘Festiva Maxima’ and ‘Duchesse de Nemours’ have intoxicating rose-like scents while others are lemony or have no scent at all.
They’re hardy to Zone 3 and grow well as far south as Zones 7 and 8. In most of the country, the rules for success are simply full sun and well-drained soil. Peonies even relish cold winters, because they need chilling for bud formation.
Peonies make fine sentinels lining walkways and a lovely low hedge. After its stunning bloom, the peony’s bushy clump of handsome glossy green leaves lasts all summer, and then turns purplish-red or gold in the fall, as stately and dignified as any shrub.
In mixed borders, peonies bloom with columbines, baptisias, and veronicas, and combine well with irises and roses. Plant white peonies with yellow irises and a froth of forget-me-nots; set off pink peonies with blue Nepeta or violets.
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Peonies
I have three plants in pots on my deck. All three plants appear very healthy except that the flower buds seem to all die off before blooming when they are the size of 1/4" to 1/2 ". They did this last year as well. I suspected that I wasn't giving them enough water. So I have been diligent this year with my watering and with the exception of two blossoms on one plant, the rest of the buds are dying again. The greenery on all three plants appears healthy and lush. What am I doing wrong?
failed buds
This is called “bud blast” and there are lots of reasons for it. Rather than enumerate them here, pls click on this Iowa State coop extension page for details (its content is relevant in any area): https://hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/2006/4-19/peonies.html
Big pink peony
I have a peony which is well over 100 years old It belonged to my Grandad when he died. My mother planted it in her garden. When she died, I planted it in mine. It has beautiful large pale pink flowers. I have noticed this year some of the foliage started to wither so I cut it off. What can i do to prevent this happening in future?
withered foliage
How unfortunate! Our best recommendation is to click on this link to the Missouri Botanical Garden, which features photos of foliage problems. You can look closely and see which best matches your leaves—and see what it is and what to do about it. Here’s the link: http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/Portals/0/Gardening/Gardening%20H...
We hope this helps!
Drooping Peony--disease?
I have a Buckeye Belle peony I purchased and planted on May 4. Up until the evening of this past Thursday, May 16, all the stems were upright and healthy, getting watered daily by rain. I was away for the weekend and when I returned on Sunday evening, two of the three stems were drooped over. I thought it was perhaps due to the sun and heat, so I gave it a good soaking (2 gal). This morning, the one stem was trying to stand, but the other was still flopped over, and felt loose. I propped it up with extra dirt, hoping to help resupport it and give it a chance to be strong. Is this just brought on by the rainy/warm weather, or is this a sign of a disease like botrytis? If it is, what do I do and exactly which product do you recommend I use to treat it? I have a photo I can provide you if you'd like, and appreciate any help you can give!
Thank you,
HeatherAnn
Weak Peony
It’s very possible that the plant has contracted some sort of fungal disease due to the excessive moisture of the season. Check the stems for signs of infection: brown spots on leaves, gray mold at the base of stems, squishy stems. At this point, try to let it dry out and hope that it recovers on its own. See tips for dealing with botrytis here: Botrytis Blight of Peony
Mangled Peonies
The peonies of an elderly friend whose house recently sold were simply mown down a few days ago. The buyer has told me I can dig up the roots if I want them. How do I give them the best chance of survival? I knew her for 30 years and I would very much like to have them as a memory of her.
Transplanting Peonies
If the buyer agrees, we would recommend waiting until fall to dig and transplant the peonies. Peonies are not big fans of being moved, but fall is the optimum time to do so nonetheless. See our planting tips in the article above and the comments below for more advice!
one single peony bloom
I planted 3 bulbs but only one survived and 2 years later I have one plant stalk with one bloom. It's gorgeous, but will my plant spread ever or am I stuck with one single bloom each year?
Growing peonies
Hi Jules, We’ll try to help! First, are you positive this is a peony? Peonies do not grow from bulbs. Generally, folks plant peonies from a small bare-root plants or potted plants that were started at a garden nursery. We recommend a grade 1 bareroot plant with a larger root to develop into a strong plant that produces lots of flowers. You CAN plant peonies from open-pollinated seed (similar to a vegetable!) but it will take 3 to 5 years for it to grow.
Assuming you’re just using the word “bulb” in a broader sense, the next question is climate. Peonies like zones 3 to 8, not the South. Are you planting the right variety in the right zone? When you purchase a peony plant, it will clearly indicate the growing zone or you can ask the garden center.
Peonies are best planted in the fall about 3 weeks before your last frost date. Don’t expect blooms for two to three years after planting. Once established, peonies will bloom for a generation with little attention. They rarely get problems with pests or disease.
The top reason for lack of blooms is sunlight. For peonies to bloom, they need lots of sun—at least 6 hours of sunlight per day. While some peony varieties can grow in partial shade, they are sun lovers. The more sun they get, the better they’ll bloom, so it’s best to plant your peonies in the sunniest location possible.
Finally, soil is important. Peonies prefer loose, fertile, well drained soil. Avoid planting in areas where the soil is soggy or compacted. Add compost and an all purpose fertilizer at planting time. It’s important to take time to select the right site as peonies do not like being transplanted. They develop a large root system and become difficult to move,
We hope this is helpful! See the many comments below for reader questions that are similar.
transplant Peonies
I like to transplant the peonies from the back yard to the front yard?
will they survive the transplanting.
Transplanting your peonies
Read the article above. It states that peonies do NOT like to be disturbed. However, if you must, then it has to be done if fall, about 6 weeks before the ground freezes. Very rich soil is key!!! Compost and bone meal also. Sunny location is best!
Peonies Transplant
Mid summer, my peonies were dug up and left aside as part of a yard project. I decided it was worth a try to transplant them. I let them dry out in the garage for a few days and even divided the two plants. I was really skeptical. But as of today, the plants are emerging and are each about 8 inches high and look healthy. But fingers are crossed.
peony starts.
I just picked up a bag of Peony starts at home deport for 50% off and now ready to plant them in September? I live in Oregon, and I still plant them now, or if I wait till September will they be dead by then?
Peonies at a bargain
Plant them now. Do it properly, per above, and they should be fine.
Black leaves
In Kentucky, I have 3 well established peonies. They are healthy, great bloomers in the Spring. By July the leaves start to turn black and curl. By August they are extremely so. Watering doesn't seem to help. Is there anything I can do? Should I go ahead and cut them back? I have always waited until Fall to do so. It is very unattractive.
blackened peonies
Stop watering! That’s part of the problem. The Missouri Botanical Garden folks explain it this way: Your plants have a fungus (Phytophthora cactorum), which lives in moist soils, causes the phytophthora blight. Flooded and saturated soil conditions are especially conducive to spreading the blight. Eventually, the plant could develop root and crown rot. To (try to) fix this, amend the soil to help it drain. Don’t let soil pool. If soil has piled up over the peony eyes, remove it carefully to expose it. Hope this helps.
peonies in a pot
I live in Cyprus which is zone 10 and I have been trying desperately to grow peonies for about 5 years but failed miserably, however this year, after lots of research I finally have 2 plants that are about 8 inches tall at the moment. one is in the ground and the other in a pot. we don't have a cold winter so for 2 weeks in late January/early February i placed lots of ice cubes on them every day so they would think it was winter. I think it must have worked ! and hopefully they will continue to bloom. Im worried though about the hot summer we will have and what advice you can give me to keep them healthy. Also when the potted one dies down in the fall, what should I do with the pot ? I read that it should be cut down and covered with straw and kept in an unheated space - do I continue to water it or keep it dry until early spring. any advice would be warmly appreciated
Hi. We moved into a new home
Hi. We moved into a new home last winter, and in the spring we had 2 beautiful peony bushes. We didn't know that we had to cut them down in the fall. There are a few limp dead brown branches on the ground. It's early April, but still cool in NY. Should we cut them now? How do we bring them back to life? Thanks
Peony Foliage
Yes, cut back the old, dead foliage before the new growth emerges in late spring.
Growing Peony in hot weather
peonies are lovely and im planning to grow them. I live in the Philippines and im doubtful if these plant could grow in a tropical weather. Can they survive tropic heat? Thanks
Peony Buds
Why do I get lots of Buds but 90% never blossom ? Normally have a beautiful bush with one very pretty flower.
Peony Buds
Hi Freddie,
A possible reason for your peony buds not blooming is insufficient light. The buds need strong, direct light when the buds are forming and trying to bloom. Sometimes a tree can grow back its leaves during the bud growth and begin shading the peony plant later on. We hope this helps!
How long can I hold my Peony Tubers before planting
I orders three varieties of protein tubers. I just received them but now we are getting lots and lots of rain and the ground is saturated. The bed is not ready for planting.
Can I hold the tubers? If so where and how long? What should I do?
when to plant
As noted above, Peonies should be settled into place about six weeks before the ground freezes. You do not say where you are from, but you may have time yet. You can go a month or so before the ground freezes, too. (Remember, it takes a long, penetrating cold to freeze the ground.) If you do not get the peonies planted, set them in pots of soil, outdoors, with the pots buried to the rim, if possible. That will mimic their being in the ground. Then plant them in spring.
Peonies
Hello,
I Live in Sao Paulo/ Brazil, and I love Peonies, we do not have it here, so I took a few peonies bulbs from Europe and planted it in a pot, it has been 03 months since I did it.
Until now there are no signs of blossom out.
What can I do? Is it normal?
thanks,
Mario Padovani
Peonies in pots
I've never heard of peonies being planted in pots as they're a long lived garden perennial that can grow three or more feet in height and circumference. They bloom in the spring so that is probably the issue. I would replant them outside as they should be planted in the fall. Follow the instructions in this article and hopefully you'll get a bloom or two next year. The plants get bigger and more productive every year. Be patient. Good luck.
tranplanting
is it okay to transplant in the fall ? if so, what would the bloom be? or would they skip a yr or more?
Moving established Peonies in Jan
Can I transplant Peonies that have been in the ground about 3 years in January in Atlanta? They come up every year and look healthy but do not bloom ?
Thank You!
pionies
After they have bloomed and dropped their bloom can you trim them ?
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