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Planting Calendar for Rochester, MN | Almanac.com
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Planting Calendar for Rochester, MN

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The planting calendar below tells you when to plant in the SPRING and also plant in the FALL, based on your zip code or postal code.

Spring Planting Calendar

Our spring planting calendar starts with the very first dates that you can plant (based on the last spring frost). But if you've missed these dates, no worries! This is why we've added "last planting dates" to our spring calendar; this is meant to help new gardeners understand that if they missed the first spring planting window, they could still get crops in the ground.

In fact, many crops with short maturity times (such as radishes) can be succession planted all the way through the summer in northern areas. However, note that some cool-seasons crops such as kale and lettuce do not grow well in hot temperatures, which can cause bolting issues.  For some gardeners, especially in the South, a break to avoid summer heat is needed, but they can start once the heat has passed. 

The dates provided are based on the number of weeks before or after frost, so we can provide a unique calendar to every user in the country. Thus, several crops (especially similar crops) may appear to have the same date. Kale and lettuce, for example, or dates for starting seeds, like broccoli and cabbage. 

Fall Planting Calendar

When we say "fall," we really mean planting in summer in time for a fall harvest. Think of this as a second summer! It's easy to keep the crops going if you've already prepared the soil! 

Many crops that would be started indoors for a spring crop can just be plunked into the soil directly for a fall crop. Not only is the soil already warm but also there are less pests and it tends to be rainier so you don't need to water as often. Some fall vegetables need to be harvested by the first frost, but many are frost-tolerant and even taste better after a kiss of fall frost!

See each plant's individual Growing Guide for more specific planting, plant care, and harvesting information.

Specifically, on the charts, there are different columns labeled as follows:

  1. Start Seeds Indoors: When to sow seeds indoors to get an early start on the season.
  2. Plant Seedlings Outdoors: When to put small seedlings that you grew indoors (OR starter plants that you bought at a garden nursery) in the outdoor soil.
  3. Start Seeds Outdoors: When to plant seeds directly into the outdoor soil.
  4. Last Date to Plant: You may plant any time from the "start seeds" dates until this "last date." Don't wait any longer, or the crop won't have time to get to harvest before fall/winter frosts.

The "Moon Dates" indicate the best planting dates based on Moon phases. You can learn more about this age-old technique below.

When N/A appears in the chart, that starting method is typically not recommended, although it is likely still possible. 

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Planting Dates for Spring

On average, your last spring frost occurs on May 5 (at ROCHESTER INTL AP, MN climate station, elevation 1305 feet).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds IndoorsPlant Seedlings
or Transplants
Start Seeds OutdoorsLast Date to Plant
ArugulaFrost Mar 9-24
Frost Apr 14-28
Moon Apr 14-23
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
Sep 3
AsparagusN/AN/AFrost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 24-May 5
May 5
BasilFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 19-23
Aug 20
BeetsN/AFrost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 24-May 5
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 7
May 19
Bell PeppersFrost Feb 24-Mar 9
Moon Feb 24
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
N/AJul 9
Bok ChoyFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jun 16
BroccoliFrost Mar 9-24
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
Jul 30
Brussels SproutsFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
Jun 25
CabbageFrost Mar 9-24
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
Jun 18
CantaloupesFrost Apr 14-28
Moon Apr 14-23
Frost May 5-19
Moon May 7-19
Frost May 12-19
Moon May 12-19
Jun 25
CarrotsN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-21
Moon Apr 7
Jul 23
CauliflowerFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 28-May 12
Moon May 7-12
N/AJul 23
CeleryFrost Feb 10-24
Moon Feb 10-24
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
Frost May 5
Jul 23
ChivesFrost Mar 9-24
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Aug 6
Cilantro (Coriander)N/AN/AFrost May 5-19
Moon May 7-19
May 26
CollardsFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Jul 23
CucumbersFrost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jul 23
DillN/AN/AFrost Apr 28-May 19
Moon May 7-19
Aug 6
Dry BeansN/AN/AFrost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jun 25
EggplantsFrost Mar 9-24
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
N/AJul 23
Fava BeansN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
FennelFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost May 12-19
Moon May 12-19
Frost May 5-19
Moon May 7-19
Jul 16
GarlicN/AN/AN/A
Green BeansN/AN/AFrost May 12-Jun 2
Moon May 12-23
Jul 23
Honeydew MelonsFrost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jul 2
Jalapeño PeppersFrost Feb 24-Mar 9
Moon Feb 24
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
N/A
KaleFrost Mar 9-24
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
KohlrabiFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
LeeksFrost Feb 24-Mar 9
Moon Feb 24
Frost Apr 14-28
Moon Apr 14-23
N/AJun 18
LettuceFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
Mustard GreensN/AN/AN/A
OkraFrost Apr 7-21
Moon Apr 8-21
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 19-23
Jul 23
OnionsN/AFrost Apr 7-21
Moon Apr 7
N/AJun 25
OreganoFrost Feb 24-Mar 24
Moon Feb 24, Mar 11-24
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
N/AJul 23
ParsleyFrost Feb 24-Mar 9
Moon Feb 24
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
Frost Apr 7-May 12
Moon Apr 8-23
Jul 16
ParsnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 7
Jun 25
PeasN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-21
Moon Apr 7
Jul 23
PumpkinsFrost Apr 14-28
Moon Apr 14-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jun 18
RadishesN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 7
Aug 6
RosemaryFrost Feb 10-24
Moon Feb 10-24
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
N/AAug 6
SageFrost Mar 9-24
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
N/AJul 16
SalsifyN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-21
Moon Apr 7
Jun 25
SpinachFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 8-14
May 19
Sweet CornN/AN/AFrost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 19-23
Jul 16
Sweet PotatoesN/AN/AFrost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 24-Jun 2
Jun 18
Swiss ChardFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost Apr 21-May 5
Moon Apr 21-23
Frost Apr 14-May 5
Moon Apr 14-23
May 19
ThymeFrost Feb 24-Mar 9
Moon Feb 24
Frost May 12-19
Moon May 12-19
N/AJul 9
TomatillosFrost Mar 24-Apr 7
Moon Mar 24-25
Frost May 19-Jun 2
Moon May 19-23
N/AJul 16
TomatoesFrost Mar 9-24
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
N/AJul 2
TurnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 7-14
Moon Apr 7
Sep 3
WatermelonsFrost Apr 14-28
Moon Apr 14-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Frost May 12-19
Moon May 12-19
Jul 2
Winter SquashFrost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jun 11
Zucchini (Summer Squash)Frost Apr 14-21
Moon Apr 14-21
Frost May 12-26
Moon May 12-23
Frost May 19-26
Moon May 19-23
Jul 30

Planting Dates for Fall

On average, your first fall frost occurs on October 1 (at ROCHESTER INTL AP, MN climate station).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds OutdoorsTransplantAverage Days to MaturityFrost Tolerance
ArugulaFrost Aug 13-Sep 17
Moon Aug 13-19, Sep 2-17
N/A40Frost-hardy
BeetsFrost Jul 9-Aug 6
Moon Jul 22-Aug 3
N/A50Frost-tolerant
Bok ChoyFrost Jul 23-Aug 13
Moon Aug 4-13
N/A50Frost-tolerant
BroccoliFrost Jul 2-9
Moon Jul 5-9
Frost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Aug 4-6
60Frost-tolerant
Brussels SproutsFrost Jun 11-25
Moon Jun 11-21
N/A100Frost-hardy
CabbageFrost Jul 2-9
Moon Jul 5-9
Frost Jul 23-30
90Frost-tolerant
CarrotsFrost Jul 16-23
Moon Jul 22-23
N/A70Frost-tolerant
CauliflowerFrost Jun 25-Jul 2
Frost Jul 9-16
Moon Jul 9-16
75Frost-tolerant
ChivesFrost Jul 9-Aug 6
Moon Jul 9-21, Aug 4-6
N/A70Frost-tolerant
FennelFrost Jul 2-16
Moon Jul 5-16
N/A80Tender
GarlicFrost Oct 15-29
Moon Oct 18-29
N/A120Frost-hardy
Green BeansFrost Jul 16-30
Moon Jul 16-21
N/A55Tender
KaleFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Aug 4-6
N/A60Frost-hardy
KohlrabiFrost Jul 30-Aug 20
Moon Aug 4-19
N/A45Frost-tolerant
LettuceFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Aug 4-6
N/A60Frost-tolerant
Mustard GreensFrost Jul 30-Aug 20
Moon Aug 4-19
N/A45Tender
PeasFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Aug 4-6
N/A55Tender
RadishesFrost Aug 20-Sep 3
Moon Aug 20-Sep 1
N/A25Frost-tolerant
SpinachFrost Aug 13-Sep 3
Moon Aug 13-19, Sep 2-3
N/A30Frost-hardy
Swiss ChardFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Aug 4-6
N/A60Frost-tolerant
TurnipsFrost Jul 30-Aug 13
Moon Jul 30-Aug 3
N/A50Frost-tolerant
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