For daily wit & wisdom, sign up for the Almanac Daily newsletter.

Planting Calendar for Rugby, ND

Enter your zip code or postal code above.

The planting calendar below tells you when to plant in the SPRING and also plant in the FALL, based on your zip code or postal code.

Spring Planting Calendar

Our spring planting calendar starts with the very first dates that you can plant (based on the last spring frost). But if you've missed these dates, no worries! This is why we've added "last planting dates" to our spring calendar; this is meant to help new gardeners understand that if they missed the first spring planting window, they could still get crops in the ground.

In fact, many crops with short maturity times (such as radishes) can be succession planted all the way through the summer in northern areas. However, note that some cool-season crops, such as kale and lettuce, do not grow well in hot temperatures, which can cause bolting issues.  For some gardeners, especially in the South, a break to avoid summer heat is needed, but they can start once the heat has passed. 

The dates provided are based on the number of weeks before or after frost, so we can provide a unique calendar to every user in the country. Thus, several crops (especially similar crops) may appear to have the same date. Kale and lettuce, for example, or dates for starting seeds, like broccoli and cabbage. 

Fall Planting Calendar

When we say "fall," we really mean planting in summer in time for a fall harvest. Think of this as a second summer! It's easy to keep the crops going if you've already prepared the soil! 

Many crops that would be started indoors for a spring crop can just be plunked into the soil directly for a fall crop. Not only is the soil already warm but also there are less pests and it tends to be rainier so you don't need to water as often. Some fall vegetables need to be harvested by the first frost, but many are frost-tolerant and even taste better after a kiss of fall frost!

See each plant's individual Growing Guide for more specific planting, plant care, and harvesting information.

Specifically, on the charts, there are different columns labeled as follows:

  1. Start Seeds Indoors: When to sow seeds indoors to get an early start on the season.
  2. Plant Seedlings Outdoors: When to put small seedlings that you grew indoors (OR starter plants that you bought at a garden nursery) in the outdoor soil.
  3. Start Seeds Outdoors: When to plant seeds directly into the outdoor soil.
  4. Last Date to Plant: You may plant any time from the "start seeds" dates until this "last date." Don't wait any longer, or the crop won't have time to get to harvest before fall/winter frosts.

The "Moon Dates" indicate the best planting dates based on Moon phases. You can learn more about this age-old technique below.

When N/A appears in the chart, that starting method is typically not recommended, although it is likely still possible. 

Use the icon below for the best print or email format.

Print Friendly and PDF

Planting Dates for Fall

On average, your first fall frost occurs on September 18 (at RUGBY, ND climate station).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds OutdoorsTransplantAverage Days to MaturityFrost Tolerance
ArugulaFrost Jul 31-Sep 4
Moon Aug 4-19
N/A40Frost-hardy
BeetsFrost Jun 26-Jul 24
Moon Jun 26-Jul 4, Jul 22-24
N/A50Frost-tolerant
Bok ChoyFrost Jul 10-31
Moon Jul 10-21
N/A50Frost-tolerant
BroccoliFrost Jun 19-26
Moon Jun 19-21
Frost Jul 10-24
Moon Jul 10-21
60Frost-tolerant
Brussels SproutsFrost May 29-Jun 12
Moon Jun 6-12
N/A100Frost-hardy
CabbageFrost Jun 19-26
Moon Jun 19-21
Frost Jul 10-17
Moon Jul 10-17
90Frost-tolerant
CarrotsFrost Jul 3-10
Moon Jul 3-4
N/A70Frost-tolerant
CauliflowerFrost Jun 12-19
Moon Jun 12-19
Frost Jun 26-Jul 3
75Frost-tolerant
ChivesFrost Jun 26-Jul 24
Moon Jul 5-21
N/A70Frost-tolerant
FennelFrost Jun 19-Jul 3
Moon Jun 19-21
N/A80Tender
GarlicFrost Oct 2-16
N/A120Frost-hardy
Green BeansFrost Jul 3-17
Moon Jul 5-17
N/A55Tender
KaleFrost Jul 10-24
Moon Jul 10-21
N/A60Frost-hardy
KohlrabiFrost Jul 17-Aug 7
Moon Jul 17-21, Aug 4-7
N/A45Frost-tolerant
LettuceFrost Jul 10-24
Moon Jul 10-21
N/A60Frost-tolerant
Mustard GreensFrost Jul 17-Aug 7
Moon Jul 17-21, Aug 4-7
N/A45Tender
PeasFrost Jul 10-24
Moon Jul 10-21
N/A55Tender
RadishesFrost Aug 7-21
Moon Aug 20-21
N/A25Frost-tolerant
SpinachFrost Jul 31-Aug 21
Moon Aug 4-19
N/A30Frost-hardy
Swiss ChardFrost Jul 10-24
Moon Jul 10-21
N/A60Frost-tolerant
TurnipsFrost Jul 17-31
Moon Jul 22-31
N/A50Frost-tolerant

Planting Dates for Spring

On average, your last spring frost occurs on May 23 (at RUGBY, ND climate station, elevation 1548 feet).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds IndoorsPlant Seedlings
or Transplants
Start Seeds OutdoorsLast Date to Plant
ArugulaFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 2-16
Moon May 7-16
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Aug 21
AsparagusN/AN/AFrost May 9-23
May 23
BasilFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost Jun 6-20
Moon Jun 6-20
Frost Jun 6-20
Moon Jun 6-20
Aug 7
BeetsN/AFrost May 9-23
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Moon Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
Bell PeppersFrost Mar 14-28
Moon Mar 14-25
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJun 26
Bok ChoyFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jul 4
BroccoliFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jul 17
Brussels SproutsFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 12
CabbageFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost Apr 25-May 2
May 30
CantaloupesFrost May 2-16
Moon May 7-16
Frost May 23-Jun 6
Moon May 23
Frost May 30-Jun 6
Moon Jun 6
Jun 12
CarrotsN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 9
Moon Apr 25-May 6
Jul 10
CauliflowerFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 16-30
Moon May 16-23
N/AJul 3
CeleryFrost Feb 28-Mar 14
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost May 23
Moon May 23
Jul 10
ChivesFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Jul 24
Cilantro (Coriander)N/AN/AFrost May 23-Jun 6
Moon May 23
Jun 13
CollardsFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Jul 10
CucumbersFrost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jul 10
DillN/AN/AFrost May 16-Jun 6
Moon May 16-23, Jun 6
Jul 24
Dry BeansN/AN/AFrost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jun 12
EggplantsFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJul 10
Fava BeansN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
FennelFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 30-Jun 6
Moon Jun 6
Frost May 23-Jun 6
Moon May 23
Jul 3
GarlicN/AN/AN/A
Green BeansN/AN/AFrost May 30-Jun 20
Moon Jun 6-20
Jul 10
Honeydew MelonsFrost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jun 19
Jalapeño PeppersFrost Mar 14-28
Moon Mar 14-25
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/A
KaleFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
KohlrabiFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
LeeksFrost Mar 14-28
Moon Mar 14-25
Frost May 2-16
Moon May 7-16
N/AJun 5
LettuceFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
MicrogreensN/AN/AN/A
Mustard GreensN/AN/AN/A
OkraFrost Apr 25-May 9
Moon May 7-9
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-20
Moon Jun 6-20
Jul 10
OnionsN/AFrost Apr 25-May 9
Moon Apr 25-May 6
N/AJun 12
OreganoFrost Mar 14-Apr 11
Moon Mar 14-25, Apr 8-11
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJul 10
ParsleyFrost Mar 14-28
Moon Mar 14-25
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Apr 25-May 30
Moon May 7-23
Jul 3
ParsnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 2
Moon Apr 25-May 2
Jun 12
PeanutsN/AN/AFrost Jun 13-27
Moon Jun 22-27
PeasN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 9
Moon Apr 25-May 6
Jul 10
PumpkinsFrost May 2-16
Moon May 7-16
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jun 5
RadishesN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 2
Moon Apr 25-May 2
Jul 24
RosemaryFrost Feb 28-Mar 14
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJul 24
SageFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJul 3
SalsifyN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 9
Moon Apr 25-May 6
Jun 12
SpinachFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost Apr 25-May 2
Jun 6
Sweet CornN/AN/AFrost Jun 6-20
Moon Jun 6-20
Jul 3
Sweet PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Jun 6-20
Jun 5
Swiss ChardFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost May 9-23
Moon May 9-23
Frost May 2-23
Moon May 7-23
Jun 6
ThymeFrost Mar 14-28
Moon Mar 14-25
Frost May 30-Jun 6
Moon Jun 6
N/AJun 26
TomatillosFrost Apr 11-25
Moon Apr 11-23
Frost Jun 6-20
Moon Jun 6-20
N/AJul 3
TomatoesFrost Mar 28-Apr 11
Moon Apr 8-11
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
N/AJun 19
TurnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 25-May 2
Moon Apr 25-May 2
Aug 21
WatermelonsFrost May 2-16
Moon May 7-16
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost May 30-Jun 6
Moon Jun 6
Jun 19
Winter SquashFrost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
May 29
Zucchini (Summer Squash)Frost May 2-9
Moon May 7-9
Frost May 30-Jun 13
Moon Jun 6-13
Frost Jun 6-13
Moon Jun 6-13
Jul 17
The Old Farmer's Store