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2023 Planting Calendar: When to Start Vegetable Seeds | The Old Farmer's Almanac

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Planting Calendar for Dublin, NH

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The planting calendar below tells you when to plant in the SPRING and also plant in the FALL, based on your zip code or postal code.

Fall Planting Calendar

When we say "fall," we really mean planting in summer in time for a fall harvest. Think of this as a second summer! It's easy to keep the crops going if you're already prepared the soil! 

Many crops that would be started indoors for a spring crop can just be plunked into the soil directly for a fall crop. Not only is the soil already warm but also there are less pests and it tends to be rainier so you don't need to water as often. Some fall vegetables need to be harvested by the first frost but also many are frost-tolerant—and even taste better after a kiss of fall frost!

See each plant's individual Growing Guide for more specific planting, plant care, and harvesting information.

Spring Planting Calendar

Our spring planting calendar starts with the very first dates that you can plant (based on the last spring frost). But if you've missed these dates, no worries! This is why we've added "last planting dates" to our spring calendar; this is meant to help new gardeners understand that if they missed the first spring planting window, they can still get crops in the ground.

In fact, many crops with short maturity times (such as radishes) can be succession planted all the way through the summer in northern areas. However, note that some cool-seasons crops such as kale and lettuce do not grow well in hot tempertures, which can cause bolting issues.  For some gardeners, especially in the South, a break to avoid summer heat is needed, but they can start once the heat has passed. 

The dates provided are based on the number of weeks before or after frost, so we can provide a unique calendar to every user in the country. Thus several crops (especially similar crops) may appear to have the same date. Kale and lettuce, for example, or dates for starting seeds, like broccoli and cabbage. 

Specifically, on the charts, there are different columns labeled as follows:

  1. Start Seeds Indoors: When to sow seeds indoors to get an early start on the season.
  2. Plant Seedlings Outdoors: When to put small seedlings that you grew indoors (OR starter plants that you bought at a garden nursery) in the outdoor soil.
  3. Start Seeds Outdoors: When to plant seeds directly into the outdoor soil.
  4. Last Date to Plant: You may plant any time from the "start seeds" dates until this "last date." Don't wait any longer, or the crop won't have time to get to harvest before fall/winter frosts.

The "Moon Dates" indicate the best planting dates based on Moon phases. You can learn more about this age-old technique below.

When N/A appears in the chart, that starting method is typically not recommended, although it is likely still possible. 

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Planting Dates for Fall

On average, your first fall frost occurs on October 1 (at JAFFREY SILVER RCH AIRPARK, NH climate station).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds OutdoorsTransplantAverage Days to MaturityFrost Tolerance
ArugulaFrost Aug 13-Sep 17
Moon Aug 16-30
N/A40Frost-hardy
BeetsFrost Jul 9-Aug 6
Moon Jul 9-16, Aug 2- 6
N/A50Frost-tolerant
Bok ChoyFrost Jul 23-Aug 13
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
N/A50Frost-tolerant
BroccoliFrost Jul 2- 9
Moon Jul 2- 3
Frost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
60Frost-tolerant
CabbageFrost Jul 2- 9
Moon Jul 2- 3
Frost Jul 23-30
Moon Jul 23-30
90Frost-tolerant
CarrotsFrost Jul 16-23
Moon Jul 16
N/A70Frost-tolerant
CauliflowerFrost Jun 25-Jul 2
Moon Jun 25-Jul 2
Frost Jul 9-16
75Frost-tolerant
ChivesFrost Jul 9-Aug 6
Moon Jul 17-Aug 1
N/A70Frost-tolerant
GarlicFrost Oct 15-29
Moon Oct 29
N/A120Frost-hardy
Green BeansFrost Jul 16-30
Moon Jul 17-30
N/A55Tender
KaleFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
N/A60Frost-hardy
KohlrabiFrost Jul 30-Aug 20
Moon Jul 30-Aug 1, Aug 16-20
N/A45Frost-tolerant
LettuceFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
N/A60Frost-tolerant
PeasFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
N/A55Tender
RadishesFrost Aug 20-Sep 3
Moon Aug 31-Sep 3
N/A25Frost-tolerant
SpinachFrost Aug 13-Sep 3
Moon Aug 16-30
N/A30Frost-hardy
Swiss ChardFrost Jul 23-Aug 6
Moon Jul 23-Aug 1
N/A60Frost-tolerant
TurnipsFrost Jul 30-Aug 13
Moon Aug 2-13
N/A50Frost-tolerant

Planting Dates for Spring

On average, your last spring frost occurs on May 10 (at JAFFREY SILVER RCH AIRPARK, NH climate station, elevation 1030 feet).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds IndoorsPlant Seedlings
or Transplants
Start Seeds OutdoorsLast Date to Plant
ArugulaFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost Apr 19-May 3
Moon Apr 19-May 3
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
Sep 3
AsparagusN/AN/AFrost Apr 26-May 10
Moon May 6-10
May 10
BasilFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
Frost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
Aug 20
BeetsN/AFrost Apr 26-May 10
Moon May 6-10
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 12-18
May 24
Bell PeppersFrost Feb 28-Mar 15
Moon Feb 28-Mar 7
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
N/AJul 9
Bok ChoyFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Jun 21
BroccoliFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost Apr 26-May 10
Moon Apr 26-May 5
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
Jul 30
Brussels SproutsFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Jan 31-Feb 14
Moon Jan 31-Feb 5
Frost Jan 3-17
Moon Jan 3- 6
Jun 25
CabbageFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost Apr 26-May 10
Moon Apr 26-May 5
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
Jun 18
CantaloupesFrost Apr 19-May 3
Moon Apr 19-May 3
Frost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
Frost May 17-24
Moon May 19-24
Jun 25
CarrotsN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-26
Moon Apr 12-18
Jul 23
CauliflowerFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost May 3-17
Moon May 3- 5
N/AJul 23
CeleryFrost Feb 14-28
Moon Feb 20-28
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
Frost May 10
Jul 23
ChivesFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Aug 6
Cilantro (Coriander)N/AN/AFrost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
May 31
CollardsFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Apr 26-May 10
Moon Apr 26-May 5
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Jul 23
CornN/AN/AFrost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
Jul 16
CucumbersFrost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Jul 23
DillN/AN/AFrost May 3-24
Moon May 3- 5, May 19-24
Aug 6
EggplantsFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
N/AJul 23
Fava Beans (Broad Beans)N/AN/AFrost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
GarlicN/AN/AN/A
Green BeansN/AN/AFrost May 17-Jun 7
Moon May 19-Jun 3
Jul 23
Jalapeño PeppersFrost Feb 28-Mar 15
Moon Feb 28-Mar 7
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
N/A
KaleFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost Apr 26-May 10
Moon Apr 26-May 5
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
KohlrabiFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
LettuceFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
OkraFrost Apr 12-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Frost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
Jul 23
Onion SetsN/AFrost Apr 12-26
Moon Apr 12-18
N/AJun 25
OreganoFrost Feb 28-Mar 29
Moon Feb 28-Mar 7, Mar 21-29
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/AJul 23
ParsleyFrost Feb 28-Mar 15
Moon Feb 28-Mar 7
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
Frost Apr 12-May 17
Moon Apr 19-May 5
Jul 16
ParsnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 12-18
Jun 25
PeasN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-26
Moon Apr 12-18
Jul 23
PumpkinsFrost Apr 19-May 3
Moon Apr 19-May 3
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Jun 18
RadishesN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 12-18
Aug 6
RosemaryFrost Feb 14-28
Moon Feb 20-28
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
N/AAug 6
SageFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/AJul 16
SpinachFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
May 24
Sweet PotatoesN/AN/AFrost May 24-Jun 7
Moon Jun 4- 7
Jun 18
Swiss ChardFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost Apr 26-May 10
Moon Apr 26-May 5
Frost Apr 19-May 10
Moon Apr 19-May 5
May 24
ThymeFrost Feb 28-Mar 15
Moon Feb 28-Mar 7
Frost May 17-24
Moon May 19-24
N/AJul 9
TomatillosFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Mar 29-Apr 5
Frost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
N/AJul 16
TomatoesFrost Mar 15-29
Moon Mar 21-29
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
N/AJul 2
TurnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 12-18
Sep 3
WatermelonsFrost Apr 19-May 3
Moon Apr 19-May 3
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Frost May 17-24
Moon May 19-24
Jul 2
Winter SquashFrost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Jun 11
Zucchini and Summer SquashFrost Apr 19-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
Frost May 24-31
Moon May 24-31
Jul 30
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