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2023 Planting Calendar: When to Start Vegetable Seeds | The Old Farmer's Almanac

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Planting Calendar for Middleton, WI

For the Almanac's fall and spring planting calendars, we've calculated the best time to start seeds indoors, when to transplant young plants outside, and when to direct seed into the ground.

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Planting Dates for Spring

On average, your last spring frost occurs on May 3 (at CHARMANY FARM, WI climate station, elevation 1046 feet).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Moon Based on Moon Dates
Start Seeds IndoorsPlant Seedlings
or Transplants
Start Seeds Outdoors
ArugulaN/AN/AFrost Apr 19-May 3
Moon Apr 19-May 3
BasilFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost May 3-24
Moon May 3- 5, May 19-24
N/A
BeetsN/AN/AFrost Apr 19-May 10
Moon May 6-10
Bell PeppersFrost Feb 21-Mar 7
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7
Frost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
N/A
Bok ChoyFrost Mar 22-Apr 5
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
Frost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
N/A
BroccoliFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost Apr 5-26
Moon Apr 5, Apr 20-26
N/A
CabbageFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost Apr 5-19
Moon Apr 5
N/A
CantaloupesFrost Apr 5-12
Moon Apr 5
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
CarrotsN/AN/AFrost Mar 29-Apr 12
Moon Apr 6-12
CauliflowerFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost Apr 5-26
Moon Apr 5, Apr 20-26
N/A
CeleryFrost Feb 21-Mar 7
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7
Frost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
N/A
ChivesN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-12
Moon Apr 5
Cilantro (Coriander)N/AN/AFrost May 3-17
Moon May 3- 5
CollardsN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-19
Moon Apr 5
CornN/AN/AFrost May 17-Jun 7
Moon May 19-Jun 3
CucumbersFrost Apr 5-12
Moon Apr 5
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
DillN/AN/AFrost May 3-Jun 7
Moon May 3- 5, May 19-Jun 3
EggplantsFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
Fava Beans (Broad Beans)Frost Feb 7-21
Moon Feb 20-21
Frost Mar 15-Apr 5
Moon Mar 21-Apr 5
N/A
Green BeansN/AN/AFrost May 10-31
Moon May 19-31
Jalapeño PeppersFrost Feb 21-Mar 7
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7
Frost May 10-24
Moon May 19-24
N/A
KaleFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost Apr 5-26
Moon Apr 5, Apr 20-26
N/A
KohlrabiFrost Mar 22-Apr 5
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
N/A
LettuceFrost Mar 22-Apr 5
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
Frost Apr 19-May 17
Moon Apr 19-May 5
N/A
OkraN/AN/AFrost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
OnionsN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-26
Moon Apr 6-18
OreganoFrost Feb 21-Mar 22
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7, Mar 21-22
Frost May 3-24
Moon May 3- 5, May 19-24
N/A
ParsleyN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-19
Moon Apr 5
ParsnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 12-May 3
Moon Apr 12-18
PeasN/AN/AFrost Mar 22-Apr 12
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-19
Moon Apr 6-18
PumpkinsFrost Apr 12-26
Moon Apr 19-26
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
RadishesN/AN/AFrost Mar 7-29
Moon Mar 8-20
RosemaryFrost Feb 21-Mar 7
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7
Frost May 10-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
SageFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost May 3-17
Moon May 3- 5
N/A
SpinachN/AN/AFrost Mar 22-Apr 12
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
Sweet PotatoesN/AN/AFrost May 24-Jun 7
Moon Jun 4- 7
Swiss ChardFrost Mar 22-Apr 5
Moon Mar 22-Apr 5
Frost Apr 12-19
Moon Apr 19
N/A
ThymeFrost Feb 21-Mar 22
Moon Feb 21-Mar 7, Mar 21-22
Frost May 3-24
Moon May 3- 5, May 19-24
N/A
TomatillosFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost May 24-Jun 7
Moon May 24-Jun 3
N/A
TomatoesFrost Mar 7-22
Moon Mar 7
Frost May 10-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
TurnipsN/AN/AFrost Apr 5-26
Moon Apr 6-18
WatermelonsFrost Apr 5-12
Moon Apr 5
Frost May 17-31
Moon May 19-31
N/A
Winter SquashN/AN/AFrost May 17-Jun 14
Moon May 19-Jun 3
Zucchini, Summer SquashN/AN/AFrost May 17-Jun 14
Moon May 19-Jun 3

Planting Dates for Fall

On average, your first fall frost occurs on October 9 (at CHARMANY FARM, WI climate station).
CropFrost Based on Frost Dates
Start Seeds Indoors by...Plant Seedlings Outdoors by...Start Seeds Outdoors by...
ArugulaN/AN/AFrost Sep 4
BeetsN/AN/AFrost Aug 25
Bell PeppersFrost Apr 26Frost Jun 21N/A
Bok ChoyN/AN/AFrost Aug 30
BroccoliFrost Jun 28Frost Jul 26N/A
CabbageFrost Jun 18Frost Jul 16N/A
CantaloupesN/AN/AFrost Jun 11
CarrotsN/AN/AFrost Aug 20
CauliflowerFrost Jun 28Frost Jul 26N/A
CeleryFrost Apr 17Frost Jun 26N/A
CollardsN/AN/AFrost Aug 10
CornN/AN/AFrost Jul 1
CucumbersN/AN/AFrost Jul 6
EggplantsFrost Apr 26Frost Jun 21N/A
Fava Beans (Broad Beans)N/AN/AFrost Aug 10
Green BeansN/AN/AFrost Jul 6
Jalapeño PeppersFrost May 16Frost Jul 11N/A
KaleFrost Jul 18Frost Aug 15N/A
KohlrabiN/AN/AFrost Aug 20
LettuceN/AN/AFrost Aug 30
OkraN/AN/AFrost Jul 1
ParsnipsN/AN/AFrost Jul 6
PeasN/AN/AFrost Aug 5
PotatoesN/AN/AFrost Jun 21
PumpkinsN/AN/AFrost May 31
RadishesN/AN/AFrost Sep 4
SpinachN/AN/AFrost Sep 14
Sweet PotatoesFrost May 7Frost Jun 11N/A
Swiss ChardN/AN/AFrost Aug 30
TomatillosN/AN/AFrost Jul 1
TomatoesFrost May 1Frost Jun 26N/A
TurnipsN/AN/AFrost Aug 30
WatermelonsN/AN/AFrost Jun 11
Winter SquashN/AN/AFrost Jun 26
Zucchini, Summer SquashN/AN/AFrost Jul 11
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